The main period in which the V1's were falling in London, between June and August 1944, was like nothing experienced before or
since. It has often been called the "Doodlebug Summer". Londoner's soon got used to the strange sound of the V1's clattering
across the sky. The rasping,grating noise was caused by the pulse jet engine which powered the missile. They soon also realised that
if this noise continued and went away in the distance that they were safe. However,if the engine cut out nearby then there was about
15 seconds before the missile came crashing down.
The specification of the V1's system was after a certain amount of kilometres had been flown (as detected by a small windmill in the
nose) the flaps were pushed down so that the missile would go into a power dive. What the designers did not reckon with was that by
doing this all the fuel went to one end of the tank causing fuel starvation and the engine cut out. This caused two results for
Londoner's one positive and one negative. Firstly, they soon learned that when the engine cut out they had 15 seconds to take
shelter wherever they could. Whilst this does not sound very long it would have undoubtedly saved lives as people dived into an air
raid shelter or under a sturdy table . The other effect was less positive though. Because the now engineless V1 landed after a shallow
glide,rather than a power dive, it impacted on the surface not in a crater. This meant that the blast wave of the explosion was Able to
travel over a further distance. This was often up to 400 yards in each directions (a total blast area diameter of 1/2 mile.) In some
cases, for example at Lewisham Market it is reported that the blast covered 600 yards in each direction. (later missiles carried a
larger warhead made of more powerful explosive and it would seem likely that Lewisham suffered from one of these)
People left London in their thousands both through official and unofficial evacuation schemes. By mid July 15,000 a day were
leaving the terminal stations on packed trains. Some reports describe a situation at the main stations of near panic as people
struggled to get tickets and onto the over flowing trains. It is variously reported that somewhere between 1.5 and 2 million people
fled the capital during this period. This created and eerie and empty feeling in many parts. Children disappeared from the streets
and food stuff which had been in short supply became easier to get again. This evacuation must have saved many many lives.
It was a cold dank summer and some of the prevailing impressions of the period are the grey, the Doodlebugs scuttling along in and
out of the heavy clouds. The smell of powdered brick dust and plaster filling the air. Mingling with this the smell of crushed leaves
stripped from trees by the blast waves. In some places spring arrived twice and trees were reported blossoming and leafing again
later in the summer due to their confusion at the conditions. Underfoot the crunch of broken glass and slates from millions upon
millions of windows and roof. The day and night punctuated with the Doodlebugs coming over,sometimes in flights of 10 or more at
a time , the ear splitting noise of the engines and then the periodic explosion. Going to work and seeing familiar suburban streets
ripped apart,familiar houses,churches,shops and buildings destroyed
The V1's had a very negative effect on morale. There had been a brief period of elation after D day,until the people realised that
the war was still not going to be over quickly. When death and destruction started to fall from the skies again it was a huge strain on
Londoners. They were tired after five years of war and this was the last straw. They became tense and nervous and exhausted
through lack of sleep. They were frequently awoken as the sirens kept going off or by the ack ack guns trying to shoot down the
V1's. Many took to sheltering again. The tube system was hugely popular and also from mid July a number of deep level shelters
were opened along the alignment of the Northern Line. (the entrances can still be seen today at a number of sites including
Stockwell)
The back garden Anderson shelter also became a frequent refuge and bed for many. They were to save countless lives and stood up
incredibly well to the V1 blast. The more recent Morrison Shelter which resembled a large table with a steel top also gave great
protection
The human tragedy was enormous. appx 8938 lost their lives in Doodlebug summer and the V2 attacks. 10's of thousand were
injured and maimed. Countless people suffered,terrible injuries, the loss of loved ones,their home or their treasured possessions.
During research I came across one incident completely by chance which painfully illustrates the human suffering.
On the evening of the 18th July 1944 a Doodlebug dived through the open doors of ElmersEnd bus garage in Beckenham. It
exploded among the buses killing 17 people. One of these was a 17 year old called Sydney Steer. It is not recorded if he was a
London Transport staff member but as many of the casualties were, it seems likely.
His family must have been devastated at the loss of a young life but on the 2nd August a further tragedy was to happen. His father
Herbert Steer was at a restaurant at Clockhouse in Beckenham which was hit by a V1 at 13.02 when it was packed with diners. 44
were to die including Herbert Steer. It was one of the worst tragedies in South London . It is hard to imagine the effect that this
double loss must have had on his wife for the rest of her life.
This is an awful illustration of the futility and tragedy of the V weapon attacks
since. It has often been called the "Doodlebug Summer". Londoner's soon got used to the strange sound of the V1's clattering
across the sky. The rasping,grating noise was caused by the pulse jet engine which powered the missile. They soon also realised that
if this noise continued and went away in the distance that they were safe. However,if the engine cut out nearby then there was about
15 seconds before the missile came crashing down.
The specification of the V1's system was after a certain amount of kilometres had been flown (as detected by a small windmill in the
nose) the flaps were pushed down so that the missile would go into a power dive. What the designers did not reckon with was that by
doing this all the fuel went to one end of the tank causing fuel starvation and the engine cut out. This caused two results for
Londoner's one positive and one negative. Firstly, they soon learned that when the engine cut out they had 15 seconds to take
shelter wherever they could. Whilst this does not sound very long it would have undoubtedly saved lives as people dived into an air
raid shelter or under a sturdy table . The other effect was less positive though. Because the now engineless V1 landed after a shallow
glide,rather than a power dive, it impacted on the surface not in a crater. This meant that the blast wave of the explosion was Able to
travel over a further distance. This was often up to 400 yards in each directions (a total blast area diameter of 1/2 mile.) In some
cases, for example at Lewisham Market it is reported that the blast covered 600 yards in each direction. (later missiles carried a
larger warhead made of more powerful explosive and it would seem likely that Lewisham suffered from one of these)
People left London in their thousands both through official and unofficial evacuation schemes. By mid July 15,000 a day were
leaving the terminal stations on packed trains. Some reports describe a situation at the main stations of near panic as people
struggled to get tickets and onto the over flowing trains. It is variously reported that somewhere between 1.5 and 2 million people
fled the capital during this period. This created and eerie and empty feeling in many parts. Children disappeared from the streets
and food stuff which had been in short supply became easier to get again. This evacuation must have saved many many lives.
It was a cold dank summer and some of the prevailing impressions of the period are the grey, the Doodlebugs scuttling along in and
out of the heavy clouds. The smell of powdered brick dust and plaster filling the air. Mingling with this the smell of crushed leaves
stripped from trees by the blast waves. In some places spring arrived twice and trees were reported blossoming and leafing again
later in the summer due to their confusion at the conditions. Underfoot the crunch of broken glass and slates from millions upon
millions of windows and roof. The day and night punctuated with the Doodlebugs coming over,sometimes in flights of 10 or more at
a time , the ear splitting noise of the engines and then the periodic explosion. Going to work and seeing familiar suburban streets
ripped apart,familiar houses,churches,shops and buildings destroyed
The V1's had a very negative effect on morale. There had been a brief period of elation after D day,until the people realised that
the war was still not going to be over quickly. When death and destruction started to fall from the skies again it was a huge strain on
Londoners. They were tired after five years of war and this was the last straw. They became tense and nervous and exhausted
through lack of sleep. They were frequently awoken as the sirens kept going off or by the ack ack guns trying to shoot down the
V1's. Many took to sheltering again. The tube system was hugely popular and also from mid July a number of deep level shelters
were opened along the alignment of the Northern Line. (the entrances can still be seen today at a number of sites including
Stockwell)
The back garden Anderson shelter also became a frequent refuge and bed for many. They were to save countless lives and stood up
incredibly well to the V1 blast. The more recent Morrison Shelter which resembled a large table with a steel top also gave great
protection
The human tragedy was enormous. appx 8938 lost their lives in Doodlebug summer and the V2 attacks. 10's of thousand were
injured and maimed. Countless people suffered,terrible injuries, the loss of loved ones,their home or their treasured possessions.
During research I came across one incident completely by chance which painfully illustrates the human suffering.
On the evening of the 18th July 1944 a Doodlebug dived through the open doors of ElmersEnd bus garage in Beckenham. It
exploded among the buses killing 17 people. One of these was a 17 year old called Sydney Steer. It is not recorded if he was a
London Transport staff member but as many of the casualties were, it seems likely.
His family must have been devastated at the loss of a young life but on the 2nd August a further tragedy was to happen. His father
Herbert Steer was at a restaurant at Clockhouse in Beckenham which was hit by a V1 at 13.02 when it was packed with diners. 44
were to die including Herbert Steer. It was one of the worst tragedies in South London . It is hard to imagine the effect that this
double loss must have had on his wife for the rest of her life.
This is an awful illustration of the futility and tragedy of the V weapon attacks
| Gypsy Road Welling which received 2 V1 hits during Doodlebug Summer |
Doodlebug Summer
| The V1 Flying Bomb |
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